{"id":608,"date":"2024-05-23T21:14:15","date_gmt":"2024-05-23T13:14:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/siliconcarbide.net\/?p=608"},"modified":"2024-05-23T21:19:33","modified_gmt":"2024-05-23T13:19:33","slug":"karbidi-i-silicit-i-sinteruar-nje-supermaterial-qe-mund-te-perballoje-pothuajse-gjithcka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/siliconcarbide.net\/sq\/sintered-silicon-carbide-a-super-material-that-can-handle-almost-anything\/","title":{"rendered":"Karbid silikoni i sinteruar \u2013 nj\u00eb supermaterial q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb pothuajse gjith\u00e7ka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Karbid silikoni i sinteruar \u2013 nj\u00eb supermaterial q\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb pothuajse gjith\u00e7ka<\/h1>\n

A mund t\u00eb mendoni p\u00ebr nj\u00eb material q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse po aq i fort\u00eb sa diamanti, lundron n\u00eb uj\u00eb, p\u00ebrballon nxeht\u00ebsi t\u00eb zjarrta, i p\u00ebrbuz kimikatet q\u00eb p\u00ebrpiqen ta g\u00ebrryejn\u00eb dhe ruan forc\u00ebn e tij pavar\u00ebsisht \u00e7do sfide? Epo, karbidi i silikonit t\u00eb sinteruar<\/b><\/strong> \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo substanc\u00eb e pabesueshme!<\/p>\n

Kjo gj\u00eb ka veti kaq t\u00eb mahnitshme sa mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb mjedise dhe kushte q\u00eb do t\u00eb shkat\u00ebrronin pothuajse \u00e7do gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr prej s\u00eb cil\u00ebs mund t\u00eb b\u00ebje di\u00e7ka.<\/p>\n

Le t\u00eb shohim se \u00e7far\u00eb e b\u00ebn karbidi i silikonit t\u00eb sinteruar kaq t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.<\/p>\n

\u00c7far\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb karbidi i silikonit i sinteruar?<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Karbid silikoni i sinteruar<\/b><\/strong>, gjithashtu i njohur si SiC i sinteruar<\/b><\/strong> ose Silikon karbidi<\/b><\/strong>, b\u00ebhet duke p\u00ebrzier pluhur shum\u00eb t\u00eb im\u00ebt SiC me disa p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb q\u00eb ndihmojn\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb lidhet s\u00eb bashku, duke e vendosur n\u00eb nj\u00eb kall\u00ebp dhe duke e pjekur n\u00eb temperatur\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb. Kjo bashkon pluhurin n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb ngurt\u00eb, por nuk e shkrin plot\u00ebsisht. Mungesa e ndonj\u00eb ngjit\u00ebsi ose fazash shtes\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo q\u00eb i jep SiC-s\u00eb s\u00eb sinteruar nj\u00eb gam\u00eb t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme karakteristikash.<\/p>\n

Kjo qeramik\u00eb ka fort\u00ebsi<\/b><\/strong> q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb i dyti vet\u00ebm pas diamantit. Ai ka dend\u00ebsi e ul\u00ebt<\/b><\/strong> \u2013 rreth 40% q\u00eb e \u00e7elikut dhe af\u00ebr aluminit. SiC i sinteruar<\/b><\/strong> i reziston korrozion<\/b><\/strong> dhe oksidim<\/b><\/strong> jasht\u00ebzakonisht mir\u00eb fal\u00eb lidhjeve t\u00eb forta n\u00eb karbid silikoni. Ai gjithashtu e mban t\u00eb vet\u00ebn forc\u00eb<\/b><\/strong> dhe ngurt\u00ebsi<\/b><\/strong> edhe n\u00eb temperatura shum\u00eb t\u00eb larta kur shumica e materialeve kthehen n\u00eb llum\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Pse SiC i sinteruar \u00ebsht\u00eb kaq i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb?<\/b><\/strong><\/h2>\n

Le t\u00eb shohim disa nga vetit\u00eb mahnit\u00ebse t\u00eb SiC-s\u00eb s\u00eb sinteruar dhe \u00c7far\u00eb e b\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb kaq t\u00eb dobishme?<\/u><\/a>:<\/p>\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb \u00e7mendurisht e v\u00ebshtir\u00eb<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Me nj\u00eb Fort\u00ebsia Knoop<\/b><\/strong> e 2800 GPa<\/b><\/strong>, Karburimi i silikonit i sinteruar mund t\u00eb rezistoj\u00eb g\u00ebrvishtjet dhe \u00e7do lloj g\u00ebrryerjeje m\u00eb mir\u00eb se pothuajse \u00e7do gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 diamantit. Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ai zgjat shum\u00eb m\u00eb gjat\u00eb se materialet e tjera n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorime ku l\u00ebviz dhe goditet nga grimcat.<\/p>\n

Diamant<\/b><\/strong> \u00cbsht\u00eb e vetmja gj\u00eb m\u00eb e fort\u00eb. Fort\u00ebsia qesharake e SiC vjen nga lidhjet jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb forta midis atomeve t\u00eb silikonit dhe karbonit. K\u00ebto lidhje mbeten t\u00eb ngushta dhe nuk duan t\u00eb lirohen!<\/p>\n

E leht\u00eb, por e fort\u00eb<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht se ka nj\u00eb forc\u00eb jasht\u00eb \u00e7do mase, SiC i sinteruar ka nj\u00eb dend\u00ebsi prej vet\u00ebm 3.15 g\/cc<\/b><\/strong>. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb e ngjashme me aluminin, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ky material \u00ebsht\u00eb i bukur dhe i leht\u00eb!<\/p>\n

Kjo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se pjes\u00ebt e b\u00ebra nga SiC i sinteruar, n\u00eb vend t\u00eb metaleve, mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb lehta. Pajisjet rrotulluese mund t\u00eb rrotullohen m\u00eb shpejt me pesh\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt. Dhe mendojeni \u2013 SiC n\u00eb fakt lundron n\u00eb alumin t\u00eb l\u00ebngsh\u00ebm! Prandaj \u00ebsht\u00eb i shk\u00eblqyer p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebt e pomp\u00ebs q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me metal t\u00eb shkrir\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Reziston korrozionit dhe oksidimit si kampion<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Metalet kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shtres\u00eb oksidi mbrojt\u00ebse p\u00ebr t'i rezistuar korrozionit. Por SiC i sinteruar<\/b><\/strong> Nuk ka asnj\u00eb lidh\u00ebs apo faza shtes\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb sulmohen. Ai thjesht i injoron korrozionin n\u00eb pothuajse \u00e7do mjedis q\u00eb ia hedh.<\/p>\n

SiC ruan forc\u00ebn e tij edhe n\u00eb aj\u00ebr oksidues deri n\u00eb 1650\u00b0C! Rezistenca e tij ndaj korrozionit dhe oksidimit vjen nga lidhjet jasht\u00ebzakonisht t\u00eb forta silikon-karbon. Ato thjesht nuk duan t\u00eb thyhen dhe t\u00eb oksidohen, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 n\u00ebse temperatura kalon nivele tep\u00ebr t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n

Q\u00ebndron i fort\u00eb edhe n\u00eb nxeht\u00ebsi t\u00eb \u00e7mendur<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

E lidhje kovalente<\/b><\/strong> n\u00eb SiC e b\u00ebn t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb i fort\u00eb dhe i q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm edhe n\u00eb temperatura ekstreme. SiC i sinteruar ruan t\u00ebr\u00eb forc\u00ebn e tij.<\/b><\/strong> deri n\u00eb rreth 1750\u00b0C<\/b><\/strong> \u2013 \u00cbsht\u00eb i skuqur si zjarr! Ndryshe nga metalet, nuk do t\u00eb dob\u00ebsohet apo t\u00eb zbehet.<\/p>\n

E modul i lart\u00eb<\/b><\/strong> SiC gjithashtu do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se ai nuk do t\u00eb deformohet ngadal\u00eb ose t\u00eb rr\u00ebshqas\u00eb n\u00ebn ngarkesa t\u00eb r\u00ebnda. Prandaj mund t'i besoni q\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb streset e m\u00ebdha n\u00eb temperatura t\u00eb larta. I p\u00ebrsosur p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebt e furrave dhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorime n\u00eb aeronautik\u00eb!<\/p>\n

Menaxhon goditjen termike<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

Me nj\u00eb p\u00ebr\u00e7ueshm\u00ebria termike<\/b><\/strong> e 125 W\/mK<\/b><\/strong>, SiC transferon energjin\u00eb termike shpejt dhe mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballoj\u00eb ndryshime t\u00eb shpejta t\u00eb temperatur\u00ebs. Kjo i jep SiC-s\u00eb s\u00eb sinteruar rezistenc\u00eb e shk\u00eblqyer ndaj shokut termik<\/b><\/strong> krahasuar me qeramika t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n

Ndryshimet e papritura t\u00eb temperatur\u00ebs mund t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb q\u00eb materialet e brishta t\u00eb plasariten p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb zgjerimit t\u00eb pabarabart\u00eb. Por SiC nuk plasaritet sepse p\u00ebrcjell nxeht\u00ebsin\u00eb shum\u00eb mir\u00eb. Ai mund t'i p\u00ebrshtatet luhatjeve t\u00eb temperatur\u00ebs pa problem.<\/p>\n

Pronat e SiC t\u00eb sinteruar n\u00eb temperatur\u00eb dhome<\/b><\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u00ebtu jan\u00eb disa nga statistikat kryesore t\u00eb SiC-s\u00eb s\u00eb sinteruar n\u00eb temperatur\u00eb dhome (20\u00b0C):<\/p>\n